SAE J449 Surface Texture Control (STABILIZED Aug 2011)

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Product Code:SAE J449
Title:Surface Texture Control (STABILIZED Aug 2011)
Issuing Committee:Surface Enhancement Committee
Scope:SAE J448, Surface Texture, has been set up for precision reference specimens using a controlled surface profile to obtain reproducible roughness values. These specimens are for instrument calibration. Appropriate symbols for roughness, waviness, and lay have also been standardized (ASA B46.1-1962 and SAE J448).For production control, especially from one geographical location to another, means are required to facilitate the inspection of surface characteristics called for by specifications which include not only roughness but profile waviness and lay. In order to integrate the requirements of the designer with the actual production of surfaces, a second grade of control standards must be adopted which will be functional in nature for the specific product being manufactured. These control standards may be Calibrated Pilot Specimens (actual parts with satisfactory texture) or Roughness Comparison Specimens (ASA B46.1-1962). This SAE Recommended Practice describes the usage of these control standards.ese control standards.
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【英文标准名称】:High-voltageswitchgearandcontrolgear-ACmetal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearforratedvoltagesabove1kVanduptoandincluding52kV
【原文标准名称】:高压开关装置和控制装置.额定电压大于1kV小于等于52kV的交流金属封闭式开关装置和控制装置
【标准号】:BSEN62271-200-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2005-10-31
【实施或试行日期】:2005-10-31
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:交流开关和控制开关;空气开关;交流电流;交流电压;控制装置;定义;设计;电气工程;外壳;保险丝组合部件;高电压;高压电器;高压开关设备;户内;室内;额定电压装置;隔离开关;金属外壳;露天;使用条件;操作频率;性能;防护电气设备;合格试验;额定电压;评定;装配车间;规范(验收);断路开关;开关;开关设备;测试
【英文主题词】:ACswitchgearandcontrolgear;Air-breakswitches;Alternatingcurrent;Alternatingvoltages;Controldevices;Definition;Definitions;Design;Electricalengineering;Enclosure;Fusecombinationunits;Highvoltage;High-voltageequipment;High-voltageswitchgears;Indoors;Installationsforratedvoltages;Isolatorswitches;Metalenclosures;Openair;Operatingconditions;Operatingfrequencies;Properties;Protectedelectricalequipment;Qualificationtests;Ratedvoltage;Ratedvoltages;Ratings;Shop-assembled;Specification(approval);Switch-disconnectors;Switches;Switchgear;Switchgears;Testing
【摘要】:ThispartofIEC62271specifiesrequirementsforfactory-assembledmetal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearforalternatingcurrentofratedvoltagesabove1kVanduptoandincluding52kVforindoorandoutdoorinstallation,andforservicefrequenciesuptoandincluding60Hz.Enclosuresmayincludefixedandremovablecomponentsandmaybefilledwithfluid(liquidorgas)toprovideinsulation.NOTE1Althoughprimarilydedicatedtothree-phasesystems,thisstandardcanalsobeappliedtosingle-phaseortwo-phasesystems.Thisstandarddefinesseveraltypesofmetalenclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearwhichdifferdueto–theconsequencesonnetworkservicecontinuityincaseofmaintenanceontheswitchgearandcontrolgear;–theneedandconvenienceofmaintenanceoftheequipment.NOTE2Safetyofaninstallationresultsfromthedesign,implementationandcoordinationofproducts,installationsandoperations.Formetal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearcontaininggas-filledcompartments,thedesignpressureislimitedtoamaximumof300kPa(relativepressure).NOTE3Gas-filledcompartmentshavingadesignpressureexceeding300kPa(relativepressure)shouldbedesignedandtestedinaccordancewithIEC60517.Metal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearforspecialuse,forexample,inflammableatmospheres,inminesoronboardships,maybesubjecttoadditionalrequirements.Componentscontainedinmetal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgeararetobedesignedandtestedinaccordancewiththeirvariousrelevantstandards.Thisstandardsupplementsthestandardsfortheindividualcomponentsregardingtheirinstallationinswitchgearandcontrolgearassemblies.Thisstandarddoesnotprecludethatotherequipmentmaybeincludedinthesameenclosure.Insuchacase,anypossibleinfluenceofthatequipmentontheswitchgearandcontrolgearistobetakenintoaccount.NOTE4SwitchgearandcontrolgearassemblieshavinganinsulationenclosurearecoveredbyIEC60466.NOTE5Metal-enclosedswitchgearandcontrolgearforratedvoltagesabove52kVinsulatedbyambientairmaybecoveredbythisstandardtakingintoaccounttheinsulationlevelsofIEC60694.
【中国标准分类号】:K43
【国际标准分类号】:29_130_10
【页数】:92P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforTensilePropertiesofReinforcedThermosettingPlasticsUsingStraight-SidedSpecimens
【原文标准名称】:用直边样品对热固性塑料的拉伸特性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5083-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.10
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Crosssectiondata/analysis;Reinforcedthermosettingplastics(RTP);Tensileproperties/testing--plastics
【摘要】:Thistestmethodisintendedfortensiletestingoffiber-reinforcedthermosettinglaminates.Forinjectionmoldedthermoplastics,bothreinforcedandunreinforced,TestMethodsD638isrecommended.Formostunidirectionalfiberreinforcedlaminates,TestMethodsD3039/D3039Mispreferred.Thistestmethodisdesignedtoproducetensilepropertydataforqualitycontrolandresearchanddevelopment.Factorsthatinfluencethetensileproperties,andshouldthereforebereported,are:material,methodsofmaterialandspecimenpreparation,specimenconditioning,testenvironment,speedoftesting,voidcontent,andvolumepercentreinforcement.Itisrealizedthatamaterialcannotbetestedwithoutalsospecifyingthemethodofpreparationofthatmaterial.Hence,whencomparativetestsofmaterialspersearedesired,thegreatestcaremustbeexercisedtoensurethatallsamplesarepreparedinexactlythesameway,unlessthetestistoincludetheeffectsofsamplepreparation.Similarly,forrefereepurposesorcomparisonswithinanygivenseriesofspecimen,caremustbetakentosecurethemaximumdegreeofuniformityindetailsofpreparation,treatment,andhandling.Note68212;PreparationtechniquesforreinforcedthermosettingplasticscanbefoundinthepartofISO1268appropriatetothemanufacturingtechniqueforthelaminate.Tensilepropertiesmayprovideusefuldataforengineeringdesignpurposes.However,becauseofthehighdegreeofsensitivityexhibitedbymanyreinforcedplasticstorateofstrainingandenvironmentalconditions,dataobtainedbythistestmethodcannotbeconsideredvalidforapplicationsinvolvingload-timescalesorenvironmentswidelydifferentfromthoseofthistestmethod.Incasesofsuchdissimilarity,noreliableestimationofthelimitofusefulnesscanbemadeformostplastics.Thissensitivitytorateofstrainingandenvironmentnecessitatestestingoverabroadload-timescale(includingimpactandcreep)andrangeofenvironmentalconditions.Note78212;Sincetheexistenceofatrueelasticlimitinplastics(asinmanyotherorganicmaterialsandinmanymetals)isdebatable,theproprietyofapplyingthetermx201C;elasticmodulusx201D;initsquotedgenerallyaccepteddefinitiontodescribethex201C;stiffnessx201D;orstress-straincharacteristicsofplasticmaterialsishighlydependentonsuchfactorsasrateofapplicationofstress,temperature,previoushistoryofspecimen,etc.However,stress-straincurvesforplastics,determinedasdescribedinthistestmethod,almostalwaysshowalinearregionatlowstresses.Astraightlinedrawntangenttothisportionofthecurvepermitscalculationofanelasticmodulusoftheusuallydefinedtype.Suchaconstantisusefulifitsarbitrarynatureanddependenceontime,temperature,andsimilarfactorsarerealized.Formanymaterials,theremaybeaspecificationthatrequirestheuseofthistestmethod,butwithsomeproceduralmodificationsthattakeprecedencewhenadheringtothespecification.Therefore,itisadvisabletorefertothatmaterialspecificationbeforeusingthistestmethod.Table1ofClassificationD4000liststheASTMmaterialsstandardsthatcurrentlyexist.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthetensilepropertiesofthermosettingreinforcedplasticsusingtestspecimensofuniformno......
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_140_20
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语